Shoulder Pain

Pathology of Shoulder Pain

1. Strain
2. Impingement
3. Partial or full thickness rotator cuff tear
4. Tere minor tendinitis
5. Bicep tendinitis
6. Glenoid labrum tear
7. Frozen shoulder

Tendon subluxation/dislocation is a rare occurrence and is usually associated with acute or chronic trauma and rarely with inflammatory arthritis. The tendons most frequently involved are the long head of the biceps tendon of the upper extremity and the peroneus tendon of the ankle. The long biceps tendon lies between the greater and lesser tuberosity of the humeral head.  The transverse humeral ligament, which arises from the subscapularis and supraspinatus tendon, bridges the tuberosities keeping the biceps tendon in place.  
The coracohumeral ligament also stabilizes the long biceps tendon. The biceps tendon found sitting on either tuberosity results in the diagnosis of subluxation. The dislocated tendon is outside the tuberosities. Biceps tendon dislocations occur medially and are associated with significant tears of the transverse humeral ligament and rotator cuff. Dynamic internal (adductor) and external rotation (abduction) of the shoulder after the elbow is flexed 90º demonstrates subluxation and dislocation best. 

Rehabilitation :

Tightness of the glenohumeral capsule
Strength imbalance of the internal and exteral rotators
Scapular stabilizer weakness
Poor throwing mechanism